# PWR-188 — Collective decision making: learner worksheet Release: Revision 7T · Full Tutorial Edition Estimated time: Estimated 30 min reading and worksheet pass Difficulty: Intermediate Equipment: Common household or practice equipment — Declared Collective decision making fixture: Four fictional “water quality” analysts receive answer-key cases. Two have high-sensitivity test cards, one has cost data and one has community-impact information; the group must choose A, B or defer.; Setup aid for Make private first judgements: Declare the aggregation, defer and rights rules before any answer is seen.; Collective decision making log: Outcome relative to best member and alternatives under declared information, competence and rights; retain Collective decision making errors, assistance, stop and fallback.; Collective-decision source table: open “Smart groups of smart people: Evidence for IQ as the origin of collective intelligence in the performance of human groups”. Record group and member measures separately. Then use “Pooling of unshared information in group decision making: Biased information sampling during discussion” to identify common-versus-unique sampling. TeamSTEPPS supplies turn-taking; apply all three checks to best-member loss and the water-plan access card.; Declared decision rule and option meanings: A means choose the standard fictional water-plan, B means choose the enhanced plan, and DEFER means request another fictional test. If the two test cards disagree, defer. If both are LOW and there is no access constraint, choose A. If both are HIGH, or both are LOW and the community card requires the enhanced access route, choose B. If the required plan exceeds the stated cost cap, defer. A community access constraint cannot be voted away.; Supplied first six cases, shown as ID|test 1|test 2|plan A cost|plan B cost|community card|folded key: 1|LOW|LOW|50|80|none, cap 100|A; 2|HIGH|HIGH|50|80|none, cap 100|B; 3|LOW|HIGH|50|80|none, cap 100|DEFER; 4|LOW|LOW|50|120|enhanced access required, cap 100|DEFER; 5|LOW|LOW|50|90|enhanced access required, cap 100|B; 6|HIGH|HIGH|50|110|none, cap 100|DEFER. Give each analyst only their column until the pooling round. Space: Desk / seated Automated structural checklist: 10 of 10 structural checks present Evidence quality/context: G2; Deep research depth Automated method-quality band: Comprehensive Method-rating basis: Structure coverage, instruction/check specificity, alternative distinctness, source troubleshooting, comparison depth and whether purpose/check fields are authored rather than derived. Editorial review: Pending manual editorial sign off ## Before you begin - [ ] I read the tutorial authority and stop conditions. - [ ] I have the required equipment/space or a declared accessible alternative. ## Canonical source context The water-plan cases require four analysts to preserve private answers, reveal unique test, cost and access information, and apply the supplied A/B/DEFER rule. Score the group against its best informed member and expose any diluted evidence. The exercise evaluates one fictional aggregation process, not the intelligence or worth of its members. Target outcome: A four-person group preserves first answers, reveals confidence and unique evidence, uses an agreed aggregation rule and checks whether the group beat the best member. ### Authority and setup conditions - Use a harmless fictional choice with an answer key and no real resource allocation. - Declare the aggregation, defer and rights rules before any answer is seen. - Start check for Collective decision making: The sheet contains an affected-person safeguard and no forced majority rule. - Top-of-sheet stop for Collective decision making: Stop if the exercise affects real care, hiring, benefits, liberty or safety. ### Required or supplied materials - Declared Collective decision making fixture: Four fictional “water quality” analysts receive answer-key cases. Two have high-sensitivity test cards, one has cost data and one has community-impact information; the group must choose A, B or defer. - Setup aid for Make private first judgements: Declare the aggregation, defer and rights rules before any answer is seen. - Collective decision making log: Outcome relative to best member and alternatives under declared information, competence and rights; retain Collective decision making errors, assistance, stop and fallback. - Collective-decision source table: open “Smart groups of smart people: Evidence for IQ as the origin of collective intelligence in the performance of human groups”. Record group and member measures separately. Then use “Pooling of unshared information in group decision making: Biased information sampling during discussion” to identify common-versus-unique sampling. TeamSTEPPS supplies turn-taking; apply all three checks to best-member loss and the water-plan access card. - Declared decision rule and option meanings: A means choose the standard fictional water-plan, B means choose the enhanced plan, and DEFER means request another fictional test. If the two test cards disagree, defer. If both are LOW and there is no access constraint, choose A. If both are HIGH, or both are LOW and the community card requires the enhanced access route, choose B. If the required plan exceeds the stated cost cap, defer. A community access constraint cannot be voted away. - Supplied first six cases, shown as ID|test 1|test 2|plan A cost|plan B cost|community card|folded key: 1|LOW|LOW|50|80|none, cap 100|A; 2|HIGH|HIGH|50|80|none, cap 100|B; 3|LOW|HIGH|50|80|none, cap 100|DEFER; 4|LOW|LOW|50|120|enhanced access required, cap 100|DEFER; 5|LOW|LOW|50|90|enhanced access required, cap 100|B; 6|HIGH|HIGH|50|110|none, cap 100|DEFER. Give each analyst only their column until the pooling round. - Supplied retest cases with roles rotated: 7|LOW|LOW|45|75|none, cap 100|A; 8|HIGH|LOW|45|75|none, cap 100|DEFER; 9|HIGH|HIGH|45|75|none, cap 100|B; 10|LOW|LOW|45|75|enhanced access required, cap 70|DEFER; 11|LOW|LOW|45|65|enhanced access required, cap 70|B; 12|HIGH|HIGH|45|85|none, cap 80|DEFER. The answer strip is A, DEFER, B, DEFER, B, DEFER. ## 1. Define rights and decision rule State who is affected, which options are allowed, when to defer and how dissent is recorded before seeing cases. Why: The sheet contains an affected-person safeguard and no forced majority rule. Success check: The sheet contains an affected-person safeguard and no forced majority rule. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “State who is affected, which options are allowed, when to defer and how dissent is recorded before seeing cases.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “The sheet contains an affected-person safeguard and no forced majority rule.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 2. Make private first judgements Each member selects A, B or defer, records confidence and cites their card. Why: No first answer is overwritten after discussion. Success check: No first answer is overwritten after discussion. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “Each member selects A, B or defer, records confidence and cites their card.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “No first answer is overwritten after discussion.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 3. Reveal competence by task Use practice items to estimate each member’s accuracy for the exact card type; do not substitute status or a general IQ label. Why: Reliability is tied to the declared task and uncertainty is visible. Success check: Reliability is tied to the declared task and uncertainty is visible. Accessible alternative: Complete “Use practice items to estimate each member’s accuracy for the exact card type; do not substitute status or a general IQ label.” in shorter passes, or use keyboard input, dictation or a support person, while preserving this success check: “Reliability is tied to the declared task and uncertainty is visible.” Allow extra reading time and an advocate to state affected-person constraints without turning support into a competence penalty. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 4. Pool unshared evidence Each member reads unique facts once before preferences are debated. Why: The group table contains every relevant card. Success check: The group table contains every relevant card. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “Each member reads unique facts once before preferences are debated.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “The group table contains every relevant card.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 5. Apply the declared aggregation Weight only the validated task evidence, allow defer when the threshold is unmet and record minority reasons. Why: The final choice follows the written rule, not the loudest voice. Success check: The final choice follows the written rule, not the loudest voice. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “Weight only the validated task evidence, allow defer when the threshold is unmet and record minority reasons.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “The final choice follows the written rule, not the loudest voice.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 6. Compare three benchmarks Score group, majority and best individual against the key for each case. Why: The report shows when the group did worse than its best member. Success check: The report shows when the group did worse than its best member. Accessible alternative: Complete “Score group, majority and best individual against the key for each case.” in shorter passes, or use keyboard input, dictation or a support person, while preserving this success check: “The report shows when the group did worse than its best member.” Use anonymous electronic or paper first votes and accessible confidence scales. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 7. Review unequal sensitivity Identify cases where one member had better evidence and ask whether discussion diluted it. Why: A concrete rule change addresses the failure. Success check: A concrete rule change addresses the failure. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “Identify cases where one member had better evidence and ask whether discussion diluted it.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “A concrete rule change addresses the failure.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 8. Retest the rule Use six novel cases with roles rotated and affected-person constraints unchanged. Why: Improvement occurs on new cases without erasing dissent or defer options. Success check: Improvement occurs on new cases without erasing dissent or defer options. Accessible alternative: Complete “Use six novel cases with roles rotated and affected-person constraints unchanged.” in shorter passes, or use keyboard input, dictation or a support person, while preserving this success check: “Improvement occurs on new cases without erasing dissent or defer options.” Use anonymous electronic or paper first votes and accessible confidence scales. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## Reflection What changed? ________________________________________________________________________________ What remains difficult? ________________________________________________________________________________ What will I repeat, adapt, ask for help with, or stop? ________________________________________________________________________________ --- Completion of this worksheet demonstrates tutorial participation only. It does not establish capability, qualification, safety clearance, diagnosis, treatment or independent validation.