# PWR-186 — Distributed expertise: learner worksheet Release: Revision 7T · Full Tutorial Edition Estimated time: Estimated 30 min reading and worksheet pass Difficulty: Intermediate Equipment: Common household or practice equipment — Declared Distributed expertise fixture: Four fictional hiring-free “island rescue” cards each contain two shared facts and one different clue; only combining all four unique clues reveals that the north route is unsafe and the west route is viable.; Setup aid for Write an independent choice: Set a no-retaliation rule and an explicit receiver-acknowledgement phrase.; Distributed expertise log: Critical unshared information integrated, acted on and closed without retaliation; retain Distributed expertise errors, assistance, stop and fallback.; Speak-up evidence card: open “Making it safe: the effects of leader inclusiveness and professional status on psychological safety and improvement efforts in health care teams”. Record leader inclusiveness, status and measured improvement behaviour. In “Influence of surgeon behavior on trainee willingness to speak up: a randomized controlled trial”, record the experimental behaviour and willingness outcome. Use TeamSTEPPS to invite every island-rescue clue without importing clinical authority.; Island shared facts: the supply pack must reach the station by 16:00, and north is the shortest route.; Island weather card: the south ferry stops at 15:00 because of the fictional storm. Bridge card: the north bridge is closed on the current map revision. Space: Desk / seated Automated structural checklist: 10 of 10 structural checks present Evidence quality/context: G1; Detailed research depth Automated method-quality band: Comprehensive Method-rating basis: Structure coverage, instruction/check specificity, alternative distinctness, source troubleshooting, comparison depth and whether purpose/check fields are authored rather than derived. Editorial review: Pending manual editorial sign off ## Before you begin - [ ] I read the tutorial authority and stop conditions. - [ ] I have the required equipment/space or a declared accessible alternative. ## Canonical source context Each island-rescue participant receives common facts plus a different decisive clue, making information ownership visible before discussion begins. The team must identify who knows what, invite the unshared evidence and verify why the west route replaces the initially popular north route. It is an information-integration exercise, not rescue certification. Target outcome: A four-person team identifies who holds each unique clue, invites it before choosing, verifies its source and closes the action loop. ### Authority and setup conditions - Use a fictional task with no employment, clinical or safety consequence. - Set a no-retaliation rule and an explicit receiver-acknowledgement phrase. - Start check for Distributed expertise: All four unique clue domains have an owner. - Top-of-sheet stop for Distributed expertise: Stop if a participant is mocked, interrupted repeatedly or fears retaliation. ### Required or supplied materials - Declared Distributed expertise fixture: Four fictional hiring-free “island rescue” cards each contain two shared facts and one different clue; only combining all four unique clues reveals that the north route is unsafe and the west route is viable. - Setup aid for Write an independent choice: Set a no-retaliation rule and an explicit receiver-acknowledgement phrase. - Distributed expertise log: Critical unshared information integrated, acted on and closed without retaliation; retain Distributed expertise errors, assistance, stop and fallback. - Speak-up evidence card: open “Making it safe: the effects of leader inclusiveness and professional status on psychological safety and improvement efforts in health care teams”. Record leader inclusiveness, status and measured improvement behaviour. In “Influence of surgeon behavior on trainee willingness to speak up: a randomized controlled trial”, record the experimental behaviour and willingness outcome. Use TeamSTEPPS to invite every island-rescue clue without importing clinical authority. - Island shared facts: the supply pack must reach the station by 16:00, and north is the shortest route. - Island weather card: the south ferry stops at 15:00 because of the fictional storm. Bridge card: the north bridge is closed on the current map revision. - Island radio card: the west-route beacon is the only working beacon. Medical-load card: the pack must stay level, and the west trail is the only level route. - Island key: WEST. North violates the bridge card; south violates the ferry card; west satisfies the beacon and level-load constraints. - Novel shared fact: Boat A is nearest to the fictional harbour. Quiet tide card: Boat A’s berth is dry at departure. - Novel inspection card: Boat B has an unresolved engine alert. Access card: Boat C alone has the required boarding ramp. - Novel weather card: Boat C’s channel is the only sheltered route. The keyed answer is C, regardless of the louder preference for A. ## 1. Map expertise before discussion Each member states the type of clue on their private card, not its answer, and the recorder makes an expertise map. Why: All four unique clue domains have an owner. Success check: All four unique clue domains have an owner. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “Each member states the type of clue on their private card, not its answer, and the recorder makes an expertise map.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “All four unique clue domains have an owner.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 2. Write an independent choice Members privately choose a route and confidence before anyone speaks. Why: The baseline preserves minority and unshared views. Success check: The baseline preserves minority and unshared views. Accessible alternative: Complete “Members privately choose a route and confidence before anyone speaks.” in shorter passes, or use keyboard input, dictation or a support person, while preserving this success check: “The baseline preserves minority and unshared views.” Allow written or asynchronous clue rounds before spoken discussion. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 3. Round up unique facts first In a fixed round, each person reads the one fact no one else has; shared facts wait. Why: Four unique clues enter the record before open debate. Success check: Four unique clues enter the record before open debate. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “In a fixed round, each person reads the one fact no one else has; shared facts wait.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “Four unique clues enter the record before open debate.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 4. Verify and label each clue Record the exact card, source and whether it is observed, inferred or uncertain. Why: No clue becomes “expert opinion” without its source status. Success check: No clue becomes “expert opinion” without its source status. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “Record the exact card, source and whether it is observed, inferred or uncertain.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “No clue becomes “expert opinion” without its source status.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 5. Invite the quiet or junior role The chair asks each named holder, “What would change our route choice?” and does not interrupt. Why: Every mapped expert has a speaking turn and receiver acknowledgement. Success check: Every mapped expert has a speaking turn and receiver acknowledgement. Accessible alternative: A supported, seated, reduced-range or slower version of “The chair asks each named holder, “What would change our route choice?” and does not interrupt.” is equivalent only when it keeps the same trained or measured target, declared configuration and success check: “Every mapped expert has a speaking turn and receiver acknowledgement.” If any of those change, record it as a related alternative rather than an equivalent repetition. Alternative relationship: Conditional equivalence requires target and configuration check Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 6. Integrate into alternatives Build north, south and west rows and mark how every unique clue supports or rules out each route. Why: The decision table uses all critical unique facts. Success check: The decision table uses all critical unique facts. Accessible alternative: Complete “Build north, south and west rows and mark how every unique clue supports or rules out each route.” in shorter passes, or use keyboard input, dictation or a support person, while preserving this success check: “The decision table uses all critical unique facts.” Allow written or asynchronous clue rounds before spoken discussion. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 7. Choose and close the loop State the route, unresolved uncertainty, owner and next check; the clue holder confirms their warning was represented correctly. Why: The chosen action and acknowledgement are recorded. Success check: The chosen action and acknowledgement are recorded. Accessible alternative: A supported, seated, reduced-range or slower version of “State the route, unresolved uncertainty, owner and next check; the clue holder confirms their warning was represented correctly.” is equivalent only when it keeps the same trained or measured target, declared configuration and success check: “The chosen action and acknowledgement are recorded.” If any of those change, record it as a related alternative rather than an equivalent repetition. Alternative relationship: Conditional equivalence requires target and configuration check Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 8. Audit shared-information bias Count discussion turns about shared versus unique facts and note any ignored clue or retaliation. Why: A second run changes the chair rule if shared facts dominated. Success check: A second run changes the chair rule if shared facts dominated. Accessible alternative: Complete “Count discussion turns about shared versus unique facts and note any ignored clue or retaliation.” in shorter passes, or use keyboard input, dictation or a support person, while preserving this success check: “A second run changes the chair rule if shared facts dominated.” Allow written or asynchronous clue rounds before spoken discussion. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## Reflection What changed? ________________________________________________________________________________ What remains difficult? ________________________________________________________________________________ What will I repeat, adapt, ask for help with, or stop? ________________________________________________________________________________ --- Completion of this worksheet demonstrates tutorial participation only. It does not establish capability, qualification, safety clearance, diagnosis, treatment or independent validation.