# PWR-122 — Error detection: learner worksheet Release: Revision 7T · Full Tutorial Edition Estimated time: Estimated 27 min reading and worksheet pass Difficulty: Intermediate Equipment: Common household or practice equipment — Exact synthetic packet. Report A: A1 ‘18 red + 27 blue = 46’; A2 body says inspection Tuesday but summary says Wednesday; A3 cites S1 for higher demand; A4 cites nonexistent S9 for lower repair cost. Report B: B1 ‘14 + 19 = 34’; B2 body says sample 40 but summary says 44; B3 cites S2 for return rate; B4 cites nonexistent S8 for a delay claim. Report C controls read ‘22 + 11 = 33’ and ‘checked June 4’ consistently; C3 cites S3 for lower defect rate.; Source cards and hidden key. S1 discusses packaging only, S2 storage temperature only and S3 courier time only. Key: A1/B1 arithmetic (45/33); A2/B2 contradiction; A3/B3/C3 source mismatch; A4/B4 unsupported citation; the two Report C control statements are clean.; Confusion-matrix sheet for true errors found, misses, false alarms and correct rejections. Space: Room-scale practice space Automated structural checklist: 10 of 10 structural checks present Evidence quality/context: G1; Detailed research depth Automated method-quality band: Comprehensive Method-rating basis: Structure coverage, instruction/check specificity, alternative distinctness, source troubleshooting, comparison depth and whether purpose/check fields are authored rather than derived. Editorial review: Pending manual editorial sign off ## Before you begin - [ ] I read the tutorial authority and stop conditions. - [ ] I have the required equipment/space or a declared accessible alternative. ## Canonical source context Error detection requires a declared error class, ground truth and correction path. This lesson uses synthetic one-page reports containing arithmetic mismatches, internal contradictions, unsupported citations and source mismatches. The learner reads one page normally, then applies a fixed verification sequence to a matched page, reveals the answer key and calculates hits, misses and false alarms. It is not medical-image review, deception detection or safety monitoring. Target outcome: The learner applies a four-pass checklist to three synthetic reports and reduces high-cost misses without increasing false alarms beyond the declared limit. ### Authority and setup conditions - Define the four error classes and examples before inspection. - Mark all people, sources and decisions fictional. - Set a 10-minute limit and a stop rule for compulsive rechecking or distress. - Have a helper separate Reports A–C from the source cards and hidden key. If you prepared the packet and remember the answers, use it only as demonstration and score a fresh helper-prepared permutation. ### Required or supplied materials - Exact synthetic packet. Report A: A1 ‘18 red + 27 blue = 46’; A2 body says inspection Tuesday but summary says Wednesday; A3 cites S1 for higher demand; A4 cites nonexistent S9 for lower repair cost. Report B: B1 ‘14 + 19 = 34’; B2 body says sample 40 but summary says 44; B3 cites S2 for return rate; B4 cites nonexistent S8 for a delay claim. Report C controls read ‘22 + 11 = 33’ and ‘checked June 4’ consistently; C3 cites S3 for lower defect rate. - Source cards and hidden key. S1 discusses packaging only, S2 storage temperature only and S3 courier time only. Key: A1/B1 arithmetic (45/33); A2/B2 contradiction; A3/B3/C3 source mismatch; A4/B4 unsupported citation; the two Report C control statements are clean. - Confusion-matrix sheet for true errors found, misses, false alarms and correct rejections. ## 1. Declare error classes Write arithmetic mismatch, contradiction, unsupported citation and source mismatch, with the evidence needed to confirm each. Why: A suspicion becomes a detected error only when it matches a rule and ground truth. Success check: Each class has a definition and confirmation method. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “Write arithmetic mismatch, contradiction, unsupported citation and source mismatch, with the evidence needed to confirm each.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “Each class has a definition and confirmation method.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 2. Set prevalence and error costs Read the packet’s class list and rank the fictional consequence of missing each class versus raising a false alarm. State which error class the next checklist prompt will target; do not invent a universal acceptable false-alarm count. Why: Search behaviour and an effective repair depend on how rare and costly the target is. Success check: The sheet names the available error classes, highest-cost miss and the class-specific prompt before inspection. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “Read the packet’s class list and rank the fictional consequence of missing each class versus raising a false alarm. State which error class the next checklist prompt will target; do not invent a universal acceptable false-alarm count.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “The sheet names the available error classes, highest-cost miss and the class-specific prompt before inspection.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 3. Make an ordinary baseline pass Read report A once and mark suspected errors without a checklist. Commit before seeing the key. Why: The baseline shows what ordinary reading catches and misses. Success check: Every mark has a class and line reference. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “Read report A once and mark suspected errors without a checklist. Commit before seeing the key.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “Every mark has a class and line reference.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 4. Apply the verification sequence On matched report B, check quantities, then internal claims, then citation existence, then whether each cited source supports the sentence. Why: Separate passes reduce switching and target specific error mechanisms. Success check: All four passes are completed in order. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “On matched report B, check quantities, then internal claims, then citation existence, then whether each cited source supports the sentence.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “All four passes are completed in order.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 5. Require confirmation For each mark, write the calculation, conflicting sentence or source-card evidence. Remove marks that lack confirmation. Why: Evidence controls false alarms and separates anomaly from error. Success check: Every retained mark has a visible proof. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “For each mark, write the calculation, conflicting sentence or source-card evidence. Remove marks that lack confirmation.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “Every retained mark has a visible proof.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 6. Reveal and classify outcomes Compare with the answer key and count hits, misses, false alarms and correct rejections by class. Why: Accuracy alone can hide rare but costly misses. Success check: The confusion matrix totals all eligible items. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “Compare with the answer key and count hits, misses, false alarms and correct rejections by class.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “The confusion matrix totals all eligible items.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 7. Write and verify the correction For every confirmed error, produce the corrected number, sentence or citation link and have the answer key or a second independent calculation verify it. Why: Detection is incomplete when the proposed repair introduces another error. Success check: Each confirmed mark has one corrected replacement and a documented independent check. Accessible alternative: Complete “For every confirmed error, produce the corrected number, sentence or citation link and have the answer key or a second independent calculation verify it.” in shorter passes, or use keyboard input, dictation or a support person, while preserving this success check: “Each confirmed mark has one corrected replacement and a documented independent check.” Allow calculator and text-to-speech while keeping the pass order. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 8. Redesign around the costliest miss Identify the missed class with highest declared cost, add one targeted prompt and test it on report C without extending total time. Why: A repair should target the harmful failure, not merely make all checking slower. Success check: Report C shows whether the targeted miss falls and false alarms stay bounded. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “Identify the missed class with highest declared cost, add one targeted prompt and test it on report C without extending total time.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “Report C shows whether the targeted miss falls and false alarms stay bounded.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## Reflection What changed? ________________________________________________________________________________ What remains difficult? ________________________________________________________________________________ What will I repeat, adapt, ask for help with, or stop? ________________________________________________________________________________ --- Completion of this worksheet demonstrates tutorial participation only. It does not establish capability, qualification, safety clearance, diagnosis, treatment or independent validation.