# PWR-046 — Voluntary piloerection: learner worksheet Release: Revision 7T · Full Tutorial Edition Estimated time: Estimated 23 min reading and worksheet pass Difficulty: Intermediate Equipment: Common household or practice equipment — The three canonical primary papers: Individuals lack the ability to accurately detect emotional piloerection; Volitional Control of Piloerection: Objective Evidence and Its Potential Utility in Neuroscience Research; and The voluntary control of piloerection.; A study table for prior ability, induction cue, room temperature, emotional stimulus, camera or sensor, blinded scoring and replication.; A claim ladder for existence, prevalence, learnability, repeatability and function.; A non-practice note prohibiting cold, fear or drug provocation. Space: Room-scale practice space Automated structural checklist: 10 of 10 structural checks present Evidence quality/context: G5; Focused research depth Automated method-quality band: Comprehensive Method-rating basis: Structure coverage, instruction/check specificity, alternative distinctness, source troubleshooting, comparison depth and whether purpose/check fields are authored rather than derived. Editorial review: Pending manual editorial sign off ## Before you begin - [ ] I read the tutorial authority and stop conditions. - [ ] I have the required equipment/space or a declared accessible alternative. ## Canonical source context A small selected subgroup can produce objectively observed goosebumps voluntarily, but evidence that other people can learn the response or gain a useful function is absent. This lesson teaches how to distinguish a felt chill, visible hair erection and instrumented recording while checking temperature, emotion, suggestion and self-selection. Target outcome: The learner builds an evidence map that identifies who already had the ability, how piloerection was verified, which confounds were controlled and what a trainability study would need. ### Authority and setup conditions - Define piloerection as visible or instrument-detected raising of body hair, not only chills or a tingling feeling. - Keep naturally occurring emotional goosebumps separate from claimed voluntary onset. - Use published, de-identified records only. - Do not expose yourself or anyone else to cold, fear or distress. ### Required or supplied materials - The three canonical primary papers: Individuals lack the ability to accurately detect emotional piloerection; Volitional Control of Piloerection: Objective Evidence and Its Potential Utility in Neuroscience Research; and The voluntary control of piloerection. - A study table for prior ability, induction cue, room temperature, emotional stimulus, camera or sensor, blinded scoring and replication. - A claim ladder for existence, prevalence, learnability, repeatability and function. - A non-practice note prohibiting cold, fear or drug provocation. ## 1. Build the claim ladder List existence, prevalence, voluntary onset, trainability in non-voluntary participants, delayed repeatability and useful function as separate claims. Why: The literature may support one rung while leaving the next empty. Success check: Every cited result is attached to only one claim rung. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “List existence, prevalence, voluntary onset, trainability in non-voluntary participants, delayed repeatability and useful function as separate claims.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “Every cited result is attached to only one claim rung.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 2. Identify pre-existing ability Record whether participants volunteered because they already reported the response and how many people were screened out. Why: Self-selection can make a rare ability look common or teachable. Success check: The sample description shows prior ability and recruitment route. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “Record whether participants volunteered because they already reported the response and how many people were screened out.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “The sample description shows prior ability and recruitment route.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 3. Extract the induction cue Write the exact reported cue, onset time, body site and whether music, memory, cold or emotion was present. Why: An emotional chill is not the same as voluntary piloerection without an external trigger. Success check: The table distinguishes internal cue from external provocation. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “Write the exact reported cue, onset time, body site and whether music, memory, cold or emotion was present.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “The table distinguishes internal cue from external provocation.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 4. Grade the observation Classify each outcome as self-report only, visible response scored from images, or physiological/instrumented recording. Why: People may not accurately detect their own piloerection. Success check: The conclusion gives greater weight to objective and blinded observation. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “Classify each outcome as self-report only, visible response scored from images, or physiological/instrumented recording.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “The conclusion gives greater weight to objective and blinded observation.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 5. Check confound controls Extract room temperature, acclimation, skin site, clothing, suggestion, emotional material and assessor blinding. Why: Temperature, emotion and expectation can all create the same visible endpoint. Success check: Every major alternative cause is controlled or marked unresolved. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “Extract room temperature, acclimation, skin site, clothing, suggestion, emotional material and assessor blinding.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “Every major alternative cause is controlled or marked unresolved.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 6. Look for learning evidence Find whether people without the ability were trained, whether a control group existed and whether performance persisted after feedback. Why: Existing voluntary performers do not prove that the response can be taught. Success check: The trainability row says demonstrated, not tested or unsupported. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “Find whether people without the ability were trained, whether a control group existed and whether performance persisted after feedback.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “The trainability row says demonstrated, not tested or unsupported.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## 7. Write a non-operational next study Specify independent recruitment, objective detection, neutral conditions, blinded scoring, sham feedback, delayed testing and a meaningful outcome without giving a home induction routine. Why: This defines the evidence gate while preserving the no-practice boundary. Success check: The proposal can be reviewed ethically and contains no provocation instructions. Accessible alternative: Complete the same research action — “Specify independent recruitment, objective detection, neutral conditions, blinded scoring, sham feedback, delayed testing and a meaningful outcome without giving a home induction routine.” — using speech-to-text, text-to-speech, enlarged text, keyboard-only navigation, shorter work blocks or a support person. Preserve this declared check: “The proposal can be reviewed ethically and contains no provocation instructions.” Do not convert the research task into capability practice. Alternative relationship: Target preserving when declared check is preserved Learner notes: ________________________________________________________________________________ Completed: [ ] ## Reflection What changed? ________________________________________________________________________________ What remains difficult? ________________________________________________________________________________ What will I repeat, adapt, ask for help with, or stop? ________________________________________________________________________________ --- Completion of this worksheet demonstrates tutorial participation only. It does not establish capability, qualification, safety clearance, diagnosis, treatment or independent validation.